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2.The Press and America: An Interpretive History of the Mass Media. Ed. Michael Emery and Edwin Emery. Sixth Edition. (New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1988).

3. The Press and America: An Interpretive History of the Mass Media. Ed. Michael Emery and Edwin Emery. Sixth Edition. (New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1988.)

4. London, Barbara, John Upton, Kenneth Kobre, and Betsy Brill. Photography: Seventh Edition. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2002) p. 369

5.London, Barbara, John Upton, Kenneth Kobre, and Betsy Brill. Photography: Seventh Edition. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2002) p. 374

6.London, Barbara, John Upton, Kenneth Kobre, and Betsy Brill. Photography: Seventh Edition. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2002) p. 371

7.London, Barbara, John Upton, Kenneth Kobre, and Betsy Brill. Photography: Seventh Edition. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2002) p. 372

8.Sloan, W. David and Parcell, Lisa Mullikin. American Journalism: History, Principles, Practices. (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2002)